Camera
Pixel, 2D array
- Digital image representation
- Optical sensor
- Sensor saturation (problems with measurement)
- Rolling vs global shutter
RGB vs. grayscale
- Why are grayscale cameras still in use?
- RGGB system (Bayer)
- 3-chip cameras
- RGB disadvantages (false accuracy)
- RGB cameras sold as gray
Area scan vs Line scan
- Line scan advantages
- Easy synchronization with encoder
- Big scale
- Disadvantages
- Vibrations
- No second chance of image acquisition
Sensor and pixel size
- How can sensor size and pixel size influence your measurement?
Spectral range
- Brief introduction to UV and IR cameras
Smart cameras
- Proven applications (barcode and 2D code with stable conditions, OCR, verification etc.)
- Advantages
- Price
- Ability to replicate quickly
- Disadvantages
- Inflexibility
- Inability for upgrades and going outside of predefined constraints
Optics
Lenses
- Lens physics
Basic concepts
- Focal point
- Distortion effects
- Field of view
- Depth of field
Telecentric lenses
- Motivation for usage
- Advantages
- Disadvantages
Feasibility calculations
- Online tools
Illumination
LED frontlight
- Color differences
Backlight
- Applications
Polarized light
Practical examples
Real world implications
- Conveyor belt speed
- External light
- Vibrations
- Camera heating
Practical example of a real-world calculation
- Based on a conveyor belt speed, camera exposure time, lens and camera chip parameters determine if the system is feasible